The Met Office warned there would probably be damage to a few buildings and structures from lightning strikes.
Central and eastern areas of Scotland could be battered by up to 30mm of rain in just three hours.
The warning is to remain in place between 1pm and 8pm on Wednesday.
Edinburgh, Perth and Dundee, Dumfries, Inverness and parts of Lanarkshire are among the locations set to be hit by the extreme weather, according to the Met Office.
Road traffic will likely be disrupted with spray, standing water or hail making driving conditions poor and delaying journey times.
Delays to train services are also possible.
Parts of England and Northern Ireland could also be affected by the inclement conditions, experts warned.
“Scattered heavy showers and thunderstorms will develop through this afternoon across much of central and eastern areas of Scotland, before easing during the evening,” forecasters said.
“Where heavy showers develop, 15 mm of rain could fall within an hour and possibly 25-30 mm in two to three hours where showers become slow moving, along with lightning and hail.”
Source : STV